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(No Model.) 2 'sheets-sheet 1. R. S. LAWRENCE.

v GARBURETOR.

Patented-Api zo, 1886.

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(No Model.)

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GARBURETOR. l

PatentedApL 20, l1886,.

UNTTEE STATES lPATENT @Trient ROBERT S. LAVRENCE, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

CARBURETOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 340,221, dated April 2Ol 1886.

Application filed December 2, 1885. Serial No. 184,385. `(No model.)

.To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT S. LAWRENCE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Vashington, in the District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carburetors; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description ofthe invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains `to make and use the same.

My invention relates to certain new and valuable improvements in carburetors; and it has for its objects to provide means for delivering oil from the reservoir to a distributingpan in the tank in such a manner as to insure an even How ofthe oil over the bottom of the pan; to provide for a thorough distribution of the oil by means of an improved system of distributing-pans; to provide a central support for the pans and distributing and gathering pipes by placing the bloat-well in the cen ter of the tank; to provide for an even distribution of the air or gas to be carbureted to the packing in the tank; to provide many exits for th-e carbureted air or gas by means of a series of concentrically arranged perforated gathering-pipes', whereby the air or gas is made to pass through the packing in all parts of the tank, whereas if there were butasingle exit it would all pass in one line to that exit; to avoid inconvenience resulting from the rapid evaporation of the oil in the t-ank by providing a series of concentrically-arranged perforated gathering-pipes and connecting them independently with the outlet-pipe, and to enable the operator to readily ascertain the quantity of oil in the reservoir, and 'at the same time prevent the escape of odor from the oil by the combination, with the reservoir, of a water-sealed gage.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure lis avertical section of the carburetor, taken through the center. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the branch pipe. Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the inlet. and outlet pipes and the cross-pipe connecting them, each provided with a stop-cock. Fig. 4isa plan view of the series of gatheringpipes and their braces or supports. Figs. 5, 6, and 7 are plan views of the distributing pans. Fig. 8 is a plan view of the series of distributing-pipes,

each provided withy a wire-gauze covering. Figs. 9 and l0 are detail views.

I A represents a tank, made of copper or other suitable metal, and preferably square in shape. This tank, as well as the distributingpans hereinafter mentioned, are packed with a finely-prepared packing of absorbent material, as excelsior. n

On top of tank A is mounted a reservoir, B, of greater superficial area than the tank, for containing hydrocarbon or other suitable oil. Oil is let into the reservoir through one of two stop-cocks, b, on top, the other cock serving` as a vent for the gas, which may be conducted back into the'barrel by a hose inserted in the bung.

It is very desirable to be able to ascertain at any time how much oil there is in the reservoir, and for this purposeI have attached thereto a duid-gage, U, (seen in Fig. 1,) which is a glass tube, the ends of which are inserted in screw-threaded metal connections u, after the manner of the ordinary steam-boiler gage. In order to prevent the escape at the joints of odor from the oil, I waterseal the gage, the seal-casing Ul being of metal with aglass plate, u', in front, an inlet-cock, u2, on top, and an outlet-cock, kua, at the bottom. The casing being filled with water, in order to ascertain the quantity of oil in thereservoir, it is only necessary to draw on" the water to the level of'oil in the gage, when the casing may be iinmedibe filled with water for sealing the stop-cocks b,and also the hood, hereinafter mentioned, in order to preventthe escape of odor, the chamber being provided with a hinged lid, c, and a draw-off pipe, c. Extending centrally from the top of the reservoir to the bottom of the tank is a oat-well, D, perforated near its bottom, as at d, which perforations are covered by a Wire screen, d.

In reservoir B, at one side ofthe float-well, is a valve-chamber, E, which extends from the top of the reservoir to the bottom thereof, the chamber being perforated at its lowerend, as at e..V-

F represents a hood provided with a screwcap, f, on top ofthe reservoir and Within the water-chamber C. This hood covers the upper ends of the float-well and valve-chamber, and also gives space for the free working of the upper portion of the valveoperating mechanism.

G represents a float in well D, to which float is connected one end of a rod, g, the other end of said rod being connected to one end of a lever, h, pivoted in a standard, H, rising from the top of the reservoir. To the other end of lever h there is pivoted one end of a jointed rod, i, the other end of which rod is attached te the valve I in valve-chamber-E. The valve-chamber is suitably packed, as at -13, to prevent upward ow of the fluid.

J represents a branch pipe, whose upper end passes through the bottom of the reservoirand `communicates with the valve chamber, and whose lower branched ends (best seen in Fig. 2) pass on either side ot the float-well and lead into the upper` distributing-pan, presently to be described.

K, L, and M represent a series of distributing-pans, which are clearly illustrated in Figs. 5, 6, and 7. These pans are each formed with a square opening in the center of a size just suiiicient to fit neatly over the iioat-well, and ,they are placed thereon and attached thereto in the order named. Besides being attached to the well, the pans L and M are also attached at their outer edges to the sides of tank A. Pan'K is perforated at each corner, as shown at k in Fig. 5, and in order to prevent the oil from being carried along the bottoms of the pans by capillary attraction, and thus unduly concentrating at certain points, all Ithe pans are provided on their under sides at their outer edges with a drip-wire, Z, soldered thereto, as shown in Fig, 10, which figure repre-A sents so much only of one of the panssay of pan K-as is necessary to illustrate this feature.

N N N2 represent a series of concentricallyarranged gatheringpipes supported close up against the bottom of the reservoir by braces n, whose inner ends are attached to a square frame, n', which fits over and is attached to the float-welkfand whose outer ends are attached to the tank. It will be seen that'- these pipes, as thus arranged, give a good support to that portion of the bottom of reservoir B which overlies tank A.

As will be seen on referring to Fig. 4, the pipes of the gathering system are of different diameters, the outer one being the larger and the inner one the smaller. VThese gatheringpipes are perforated on thelower side and are independently connected with an outlet-pipe,v O, by means of connecting-pipes P P P2, as clearly shown in Fig. 1. In the under side of pipe O there is a sl0to, for a purpose hereinafter stated. 4

Beneath the system of gathering and connecting pipes there is a wire screen, Q, (shown in dotted lines, Fig. 1,) secured to the sides of u the tank and to the float-well.

R R R2 represent a series of distributingpipes placed close up under and aiding in supporting the bottom of the lower distributing-pan, M. These pipes are arranged and supported in a manner similar to the arrangement and support of the gathering-pipes, as .seen in Figs. l and 8; but instead of each having an independent connection with an inleti pipe, S, like the connections of the gatheringpipes with the outlet-pipe O, they communicate with each other by means of connecting pipes rr', and the larger pipe, R, alone is connected with the inlet-pipe, as at r2. The pipes -l-eilthis series are perforated on both the front and rear sides, and these perforations increase in size in both directions from their points of connection. A wire-gauze covering surrounds these pipes, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 8, to prevent the perforations getting clogged pFor convenience of connection with the distributing-pipes that part of inlet-pipe S which is inside the tank is diagonally arranged, as shown in Fig. 9.

The inlet and outlet pipes pass through the tank in the same plane` and on the outside of the machine these pipes are connected by a crosspipe, T, each ot' said pipes being provided with a stop-cock, as 1 2 3.

Having now described the construction of my machine, I will proceed to explain its operation. y y

The reservoir being filled with hyd rocarbo'n oil, the oil will iiow through the perforations in the Valve chamber into the Vbranch pipe J, and by that pipe be conveyed to the pan Kon two opposite sides of the float-well, in order that there may be an equal distribution of the oil to the four corners of said pan. From pan K the oil will flow through perforationskinto pan L, and after filling this pan will flow over into the packing beneath. When the packing under pan L has become thoroughly saturated the oil will be caught by pan M until it fills, and will then overiiow into the packing in the bottom of the'tank. By this system of distribution the packing in the pans and tank becomes thoroughly and uniformly saturated. When a sufficient quantity of oil has accumulated in the bottom of the tank to raise the ioat, the valve will automatically cut oi the supply until there has been sufficient evaporation of the oil to allow the float to descend, when the valve will again open and admit a fresh supply. The air or gas to be carbureted `is admitted under pressure through inlet-pipe S to the series of distributing-pipes R R R2,

tions into the interior of the tank, and, owing to the fact that the perforations in these pipes at points distant from the entrance of the connecting-pipes are larger than those in that iinmediate vicinity where the pressure is greater, a comparatively even distribution ot' the air or gas is obtained. On leaving the distributing-pipes the air. or gas permeates the saturated packing, and, rising to the top of the tank, takes up carbon from the oil, and thus becomes thoroughly carbureted, this latter reand is forced therefrom through the perfora- 4 the perforations in one of the gathering-pipes might possibly freeze up, and thus temporarily fail to deliver air or gas; but inconvenience from that source is entirely avoided by the independent connection of the gathering-pipes with the outlet-pipe, for by this construction, if either one of those pipes should for a time become useless, an abundant supply of air or gas would be delivered by the other two. Again, inconvenience would be liable to result from the deposition of residuum in the outlet-pipe, as the residuum, if allowed to laccumulate, would eventually close the pipe and shut off the supply vof carbureted air or gas. This liability, however, is avoided by the slot o in the under side of the pipe, through which the residuum will drop into the tank. Should there be an accumulation of residuum in the bottom of the tank, it can be readily removed by a pump inserted in the well, the float having first been takenout, thus dispensing with the objectionable use of cocks in the side of the tank.

If at any time it should be desirable to use gas without passing it through the carbure'or ordisturbing the connections, this can lbe done by p ning stop-cock3 in the cross-pipe T and closing cocks l and 2in the inlet and outlet pipes.

Having thus described my invention,what I the pipes of the series connected with each other, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with the tank of a car buretor, of a series of concentrically-arranged perforated distributingpi pes,the perforations in the vicinity of the pipe-connections being smaller than those at a distance therefrom, substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a carburetor, the combination, with the tank, a float -well located in the center of the tank, and a distributing-pan secured'at its center to the well and at its outer edges to the tank, of a series of concentrically-arranged distributingpipes located close up under the bottom of said pan and giving support thereto, the pipes being attached at the center to the AWell and resting on braces, Which are also attached to the well and to the tank, substantially as described.

4. In a carburetor, the combination, with the tank, of an outlet-pipe and aseries of concentricallyarranged perforated gathering pipes connected therewith, for the purpose set forth.

In a carburetor, the combination, with the tank, of an outlet-pipe and aseries of concentrically arranged perforated gatheringpipes independently connected with the outletpipe, in the manner and for the purpose substantially as set forth.

6. In a carburetor, the combination, with a tank, an oil-reservoir on top of the tank, and a lioat-well located in the center of the tank and reservoir, of a series of concentrically-arranged gathering-pipes at the top of the tank and, against the bottom of the reservoir, said pipes receiving partial support from the well. to which they are attached at the center, and being further supported by braces attached to the well and to the tank, in the manner described, and for the purpose set forth.

7. The combination, with an oil-tank, of a water-sealed gage, substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

8. The combination, with au oil-tank, of a glass water-sealed gage, the casing for holding the water that seals the gage being provided with a glass front and an inletcock and an outletcock, substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ROBERT S. LAWRENCE.

Witnesses:

M. .0. Massin, I-I. A. HALL. 

